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Norwegian
researchers identified 38 soybean samples to be screened using near-infrared
reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) equipment (Foss NIRSystems model
6500 scanning monochromator). On the basis of NIRS data, 12 samples
were selected for carbohydrate analyses. The researchers reported
that significant differences (<0.001) were found in the 12 soybean
samples for monosaccharides (arabinose, galactose, glucose and xylose);
low-molecular weight carbohydrates (stachyose, raffinose, sucrose,
maltose, glucose and xylose); and nonstarch polysaccharides. The
large variation in most low-molecular weight carbohydrates and limited
numbers of samples analyzed, indicated additional research is needed
to develop precision prediction models using NIRS equipment. Whereas,
NIRS is a promising tool for predicting the content of complex carbohydrates
such as total and insoluble nonstarch polysaccharides, total and
insoluble uronic acid, and some low-molecular weight carbohydrates.
The research team indicated that NIRS has the potential to identify
heat-stable antinutritional factors (nonstarch polysaccharides and
oligosaccharides) in soybeans. This research can help identify soybean
germplasm lines that can be used to develop soybean varieties with
additional potential nutritional value.
Hollung, Kristin and co-workers. 2006. Evaluation of nonstarch
polysaccharides and oligosaccharide content of different soybean
varieties (Glycine max) by near-infrared spectroscopy and proteomics.
J. Agric. and Food Chem.53: (9112-912) and 54 (9620-9622).
Amino Acid Variation in Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles
An interesting paper was published in Feed Management on using regression
analysis or near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to analyze
amino acid levels in feed ingredients. The research group developed
regression equations for estimating lysine, methionine and threonine
levels obtained from 455 samples of distillers dried grains with
solubles (DDGS) using classical wet chemical methods. Plotting lysine,
methionine and threonine concentration versus crude protein of DDGS
samples obtained correlation coefficients of 0.49, 0.68 and 0.86,
respectively. The author stated that using regressions to predict
amino acid values for DDGS are not accurate enough to be used in
formulating feeds and could be costing producers in over-formulations
costs or losses in animal performance. The large variation in crude
protein and amino acid levels in DDGS justifies analyses of individual
shipments using traditional wet chemical methods or NIRS techniques.
Goodson, Jonathan. 2006. Amino acid levels in feed ingredients:
Regression or analysis? Feed Management. November/December issue,
pages 14-17.
Irradiated Soybean Meal
A total of 350 21-day old pigs were used to determine the effects
of feeding irradiated protein sources. The 22-day study involved
five pigs/pen, seven pens/treatment, three protein sources (spray-dried
animal plasma, soybean meal and fish meal), protein sources with
and without irradiation, and the feed fed in the meal or pelleted
form. The irradiated meals were fed during the first eleven days
and all pigs were fed the non-irradiated meals during days 11-21.
Results indicated that irradiation and pelleting will reduce bacteria
and coliform counts in both the protein source and the complete
diet. There were no differences in pig performance of pigs fed irradiated
protein ingredients compare to the control diets. Pigs fed the meal
diets ate more feed and were less efficient in converting feed to
gain compared to the pigs fed the pelleted diets.
Groesbeck, C.N. and co-workers. 2006. Effect of irradiated protein
sources, fed in meal or pelleted diets, on nursery pig performance.
Kansas State University Swine Day Report, pages 86-90.
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The SOYBEAN
MEAL INFORMATION CENTER is sponsored by the Soybean Checkoff: Including
the checkoff boards from, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska,
North Dakota, South Dakota, Ohio, and the United Soybean Board |
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