Blood amino acids and milk composition from cows fed soybean meal, fish meal, or both.

2004 Soybean Quality Report

2004 was the nineteenth year that the American Soybean Association and Iowa State University surveyed the quality of soybeans produced in the U.S. Soybean growers were requested to send in a soybean sample for near-infrared (NIRS) analysis. These analyses provide a baseline of the composition of soybeans produced each year. A historical summary of soybean yields, protein, oil and total protein plus oil levels for U.S. soybeans are reported in the following table.

*Historical Summary of Soybean Yield and Quality for Years 1986-2004()**
Year	Yield (bu/ac)	Protein (%)	Oil (%)	Sum (%)
1986	33.3	35.76	18.54	54.30
1987	33.9	35.46	19.11	54.57
1988	27.0	35.13	19.27	54.40
1989	32.3	35.18	18.73	53.91
1990	34.1	35.40	19.18	54.58
1991	34.2	35.48	18.66	54.14
1992	37.6	35.56	17.27	52.83
1993	32.6	35.73	18.03	53.76
1994	41.4	35.39	18.20	53.59
1995	35.3	35.45	18.19	53.64
1996	37.6	35.57	17.90	53.47
1997	38.9	34.55	18.47	53.02
1998	38.9	36.13	19.14	55.27
1999	36.5	34.55	18.61	53.16
2000	38.0	36.22	18.65	54.87
2001	39.4	34.98	18.97	53.95
2002	37.0	35.42	19.38	54.80
2003	34.0	35.65	18.66	54.31
2004	42.0	35.16	18.70	53.86
Average	36.0	35.40	18.61	54.01
Std. Dev.	3.6	0.44	0.53	0.66
(*) Note that protein and oil contents are adjusted to a 13% moisture basis.

The data for the 2004 crop year indicated yields and total soybean production were the highest on record due mainly to good growing conditions in most states. Protein, oil and protein plus oil were near the average for the nineteen-year period the sampling program has existed. Protein, oil and protein plus oil averages of 35.2, 18.7 and 53.9 were reported in 2004 compared to average values for the past nineteen years of 35.4, 18.6 and 54.0, respectively. The figure shows graphically the yield, protein and oil trends over the past nearly two decades.

The next table provides information on the yield, protein and oil values for the various states. There are no significant differences between states; probably due to the more-or-less ideal growing conditions for soybean in 2004. Some of the northern states had an early frost in some local areas, but this weather condition did not seem to affect the averages.

Soybean Production and Composition Data for 2004

Soybean Production

Std.

(Million
bu)

(%)

Sample

Protein
(%)

Std.

Oil
(%)

Std.

Illinois
Iowa
Indiana
Minnesota
Nebraska
Missouri
Ohio
South Dakota
Arkansas
Kansas
North Dakota
Michigan
Mississippi
Wisconsin
Kentucky
Tennessee
Louisiana
Other
Total

482.65
477.05
276.93
259.20
223.25
217.36
203.32
139.06
126.00
110.70
99.09
69.65
63.57
54.25
54.18
47.20
33.17
170.23
3,106.86

15.5
15.4
8.9
8.3
7.2
7.0
6.5
4.5
4.1
3.6
3.2
2.2
2.0
1.7
1.7
1.5
1.1
5.5
100.0

248
297
138
115
111
65
78
54
25
30
33
27
19
19
6
10
6
38
1,319

34.87
34.97
35.94
35.02
34.62
34.67
36.26
34.31
35.56
35.30
34.90
35.79
35.23
35.77
35.48
34.95
35.90
36.50
35.16

1.54
1.39
1.35
1.60
1.33
1.22
1.48
1.35
1.55
1.35
1.40
1.37
1.63
1.16
1.06
1.64
0.98
1.54
1.53

18.92
18.75
18.53
17.90
18.99
19.16
18.53
18.62
19.41
18.91
17.48
18.44
18.83
17.88
19.55
20.13
19.47
18.95
18.70

0.81
0.76
0.85
0.90
0.84
0.70
0.79
1.00
0.90
1.03
0.90
0.70
0.94
0.58
0.60
0.83
1.04
1.00
0.92

The following figure indicates that the soybean crop produced in 2004 will produce a 47.5-48.5 percent protein meal. This is important in making sure high protein meals are available to the feed formulator. The bottom line is that the 2004 season allowed for soybean growers to produce some recorded yields of soybeans of average composition. Now we look anxiously forward to the 2005 crop season…..

CLICK HERE FOR ENLARGEMENT

Brumm, Thomas, Charles Hurburgh and Glen Rippke. 2005. Quality of the 2004 soybean crop from the United States. www.soygrowers.org

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